{"id":6330,"date":"2025-09-05T16:06:09","date_gmt":"2025-09-05T13:06:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/noutati\/psoriazisul-ce-este-cum-se-manifesta-si-cum-se-trateaza\/"},"modified":"2025-09-05T16:06:12","modified_gmt":"2025-09-05T13:06:12","slug":"psoriazisul-ce-este-cum-se-manifesta-si-cum-se-trateaza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/noutati\/psoriazisul-ce-este-cum-se-manifesta-si-cum-se-trateaza\/","title":{"rendered":"Psoriazisul \u2013 Ce este, cum se manifest\u0103 \u0219i cum se trateaz\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

Psoriazisul<\/strong> este o afec\u021biune cronic\u0103, autoimun\u0103, care afecteaz\u0103 \u00een principal pielea, dar poate avea \u0219i manifest\u0103ri articulare. Se caracterizeaz\u0103 printr-un proces accelerat de regenerare a pielii<\/strong>, care duce la apari\u021bia unor pl\u0103ci groase, ro\u0219ii, acoperite de scuame (coji) alb-sidefii.<\/p>\n

Este necontagios<\/strong>, dar persistent, cu episoade de acutizare \u0219i perioade de remisie. Poate ap\u0103rea la orice v\u00e2rst\u0103, \u00eens\u0103 cel mai adesea debuteaz\u0103 \u00eentre 15 \u0219i 35 de ani.<\/p>\n

Cauze \u0219i factori de risc<\/h3>\n

Psoriazisul apare atunci c\u00e2nd sistemul imunitar atac\u0103 \u00een mod eronat celulele pielii, stimul\u00e2nd o regenerare exagerat de rapid\u0103<\/strong> a acestora.<\/p>\n

Cauze:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Predispozi\u021bie genetic\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 peste 30% dintre pacien\u021bi au rude apropiate afectate<\/li>\n
  • Mecanism autoimun<\/strong> \u2013 implic\u0103 limfocitele T care declan\u0219eaz\u0103 inflama\u021bia \u0219i produc\u021bia exagerat\u0103 de celule cutanate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Factori declan\u0219atori \/ de risc<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Psoriazisul are o component\u0103 genetic\u0103 important\u0103, dar evolu\u021bia \u0219i acutiz\u0103rile bolii sunt influen\u021bate de o serie de factori externi sau interni, care pot declan\u0219a sau agrava leziunile cutanate. Identificarea \u0219i evitarea acestor factori este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru controlul bolii.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Stresul emo\u021bional<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Este unul dintre cei mai frecven\u021bi factori declan\u0219atori. Episoadele de stres acut sau cronic pot duce la apari\u021bia sau agravarea psoriazisului. Tulbur\u0103rile anxioase \u0219i depresive sunt adesea asociate cu boala, cre\u00e2nd un cerc vicios.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Infec\u021biile<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \n
        • Infec\u021biile cu streptococ (ex. amigdalite, faringite) sunt un factor bine cunoscut \u00een declan\u0219area psoriazisului gutat, \u00een special la copii \u0219i adolescen\u021bi.<\/li>\n
        • Alte infec\u021bii virale sau bacteriene pot, de asemenea, agrava boala.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \n
          1. Leziunile pielii (fenomenul Koebner)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Orice traum\u0103 local\u0103 a pielii \u2013 t\u0103ieturi, arsuri, zg\u00e2rieturi, interven\u021bii chirurgicale sau chiar tatuaje \u2013 poate determina apari\u021bia de leziuni psoriazice exact \u00een acea zon\u0103.<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Medicamentele<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Anumite tratamente pot induce sau agrava psoriazisul:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Beta-blocantele (pentru hipertensiune)<\/li>\n
              • Litiul (utilizat \u00een tulbur\u0103rile bipolare)<\/li>\n
              • Antimalaricele<\/li>\n
              • Antiinflamatoarele nesteroidiene (AINS)<\/li>\n
              • Inhibitorii de TNF, paradoxal, pot agrava psoriazisul la unii pacien\u021bi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                  \n
                1. Consumul de alcool<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Alcoolul, mai ales \u00een cantit\u0103\u021bi mari \u0219i constant, este un factor de agravare recunoscut, reduc\u00e2nd eficien\u021ba tratamentelor \u0219i afect\u00e2nd r\u0103spunsul imun.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Fumatul<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Fumatul cre\u0219te riscul de apari\u021bie a psoriazisului \u0219i este asociat cu forme mai severe \u0219i mai greu de tratat. \u00cen plus, fumatul interfereaz\u0103 negativ cu tratamentele sistemice.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Obezitatea<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      Excesul ponderal este asociat cu inflama\u021bie sistemic\u0103 cronic\u0103, iar gr\u0103simea abdominal\u0103 \u00een special poate agrava psoriazisul \u0219i reduce r\u0103spunsul la tratament. \u00cen plus, la persoanele obeze apar frecvent leziuni \u00een zonele de pliuri, unde transpiratia \u0219i frecarea pielii contribuie la agravare.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. Clima rece \u0219i uscat\u0103<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        Temperaturile sc\u0103zute, lipsa expunerii la soare \u0219i aerul uscat pot agrava leziunile psoriazice. Vara, mul\u021bi pacien\u021bi observ\u0103 o ameliorare datorat\u0103 expunerii moderate la soare \u0219i umidit\u0103\u021bii crescute.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. Dezechilibre hormonale<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          Schimb\u0103rile hormonale, cum sunt cele care apar la pubertate, sarcin\u0103 sau menopauz\u0103, pot influen\u021ba pozitiv sau negativ evolu\u021bia bolii.<\/p>\n

                          Fiecare persoan\u0103 poate reac\u021biona diferit la anumi\u021bi factori declan\u0219atori. De aceea, este important s\u0103 \u00ee\u021bi cuno\u0219ti bine corpul, s\u0103 observi ce \u00ee\u021bi agraveaz\u0103 simptomele \u0219i s\u0103 colaborezi cu medicul dermatolog pentru un plan personalizat de evitare \u0219i control al acestor factori.<\/p>\n

                          Simptome<\/h3>\n

                          Manifest\u0103rile psoriazisului variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de tipul \u0219i severitatea bolii. Cele mai frecvente forme includ:<\/p>\n

                          Psoriazis vulgar (\u00een pl\u0103ci):<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • Pl\u0103ci ro\u0219ii, \u00eengro\u0219ate<\/strong>, bine delimitate<\/li>\n
                          • Acoperite de scuame albe-argintii<\/strong><\/li>\n
                          • Apare frecvent pe: coate, genunchi, scalp, zona lombar\u0103<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            Alte forme:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \n
                            • Psoriazis gutat<\/strong> \u2013 pete mici, ro\u0219ii, ap\u0103rute brusc, mai ales dup\u0103 infec\u021bii<\/li>\n
                            • Psoriazis inversat<\/strong> \u2013 leziuni \u00een zone de pliu (axile, inghinal, submamar)<\/li>\n
                            • Psoriazis pustulos<\/strong> \u2013 vezicule cu puroi steril, \u00eenso\u021bite de stare general\u0103 alterat\u0103<\/li>\n
                            • Psoriazis eritrodermic<\/strong> \u2013 form\u0103 sever\u0103, generalizat\u0103, care necesit\u0103 tratament de urgen\u021b\u0103<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              Simptome asociate:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                \n
                              • M\u00e2nc\u0103rime<\/strong>, arsuri<\/strong> sau durere<\/strong> \u00een zonele afectate<\/li>\n
                              • Exfoliere abundent\u0103<\/strong> a pielii<\/li>\n
                              • Modific\u0103ri ale unghiilor<\/strong> \u2013 decolor\u0103ri, \u00eengro\u0219are, desprindere de patul unghial<\/li>\n
                              • La unii pacien\u021bi: dureri articulare<\/strong> \u2013 semn de psoriazis artropatic<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                Diagnosticare psoriazis<\/h3>\n

                                Diagnosticul este \u00een general clinico-dermatologic<\/strong>, pe baza aspectului leziunilor.<\/p>\n

                                Investiga\u021bii utile:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                • Examinarea dermatoscopic\u0103<\/strong> a pl\u0103cilor<\/li>\n
                                • Biopsia cutanat\u0103<\/strong>, \u00een cazuri atipice<\/li>\n
                                • Teste de laborator pentru:\n
                                    \n
                                  • Evaluarea inflama\u021biei<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                  • Monitorizarea func\u021biei hepatice<\/strong> \u0219i renale<\/strong> (\u00eenainte de ini\u021bierea tratamentului sistemic)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                  • Examinare reumatologic\u0103<\/strong>, dac\u0103 exist\u0103 simptome articulare<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                    Complica\u021bii psoriazis<\/h3>\n

                                    Psoriazisul nu este periculos \u00een sine, dar poate afecta semnificativ calitatea vie\u021bii<\/strong> \u0219i este asociat cu alte afec\u021biuni:<\/p>\n

                                    Posibile complica\u021bii:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    • Psoriazis artropatic<\/strong> \u2013 afecteaz\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 30% dintre pacien\u021bi, cu dureri \u0219i deform\u0103ri articulare<\/li>\n
                                    • Depresie, anxietate<\/strong> \u2013 din cauza stigmatiz\u0103rii sociale<\/li>\n
                                    • Sindrom metabolic<\/strong>, diabet<\/strong>, afec\u021biuni cardiovasculare<\/strong> \u2013 mai frecvente la pacien\u021bii cu psoriazis sever<\/li>\n
                                    • Boal\u0103 inflamatorie intestinal\u0103<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                      Tratament psoriazis<\/h3>\n

                                      Nu exist\u0103 un tratament curativ, dar psoriazisul poate fi controlat eficient<\/strong> cu tratamente dermatologice personalizate, \u00een func\u021bie de severitate.<\/p>\n

                                      Op\u021biuni terapeutice:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      1. Tratament topic:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                          \n
                                        • Corticosteroizi locali<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                        • Deriva\u021bi de vitamina D3<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                        • Unguente emoliente \u0219i hidratante<\/strong> \u2013 esen\u021biale pentru reducerea scuamelor<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                            \n
                                          1. Fototerapie:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                              \n
                                            • UVB cu band\u0103 \u00eengust\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 eficient\u0103 \u00een formele moderate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                \n
                                              1. Tratament sistemic:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                  \n
                                                • Pentru forme moderate\/severe sau artropatie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                  Recomand\u0103ri generale<\/h3>\n
                                                    \n
                                                  • Evitarea factorilor declan\u0219atori<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                                  • Gestionarea stresului<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                                  • \u00cengrijirea zilnic\u0103 a pielii<\/strong> cu produse emoliente<\/li>\n
                                                  • Consult dermatologic regulat<\/strong> pentru monitorizare \u0219i ajustarea tratamentului<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                    Psoriazisul este o boal\u0103 cronic\u0103, dar controlabil\u0103<\/strong>, cu op\u021biuni terapeutice moderne \u0219i eficiente. Recunoa\u0219terea precoce a simptomelor \u0219i o abordare medical\u0103 personalizat\u0103 ajut\u0103 la prevenirea complica\u021biilor \u0219i la \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea calit\u0103\u021bii vie\u021bii.<\/p>\n

                                                    Dac\u0103 te confrun\u021bi cu semne de psoriazis, programeaz\u0103 un consult dermatologic \u2013 cu c\u00e2t intervii mai devreme, cu at\u00e2t tratamentul este mai eficient.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                    Psoriazisul este o afec\u021biune cronic\u0103, autoimun\u0103, care afecteaz\u0103 \u00een principal pielea, dar poate avea \u0219i manifest\u0103ri articulare. Se caracterizeaz\u0103 printr-un proces accelerat de regenerare a pielii, care duce la apari\u021bia unor pl\u0103ci groase, ro\u0219ii, acoperite de scuame (coji) alb-sidefii. Este necontagios, dar persistent, cu episoade de acutizare \u0219i perioade de remisie. Poate ap\u0103rea la orice […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6331,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-6330","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articole"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6330","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6330"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6330\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6331"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6330"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6330"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6330"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}