{"id":6348,"date":"2025-09-17T10:09:00","date_gmt":"2025-09-17T07:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/?p=6348"},"modified":"2025-09-16T13:29:37","modified_gmt":"2025-09-16T10:29:37","slug":"pancreatita-ce-este-simptome-cauze-si-preventie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/noutati\/pancreatita-ce-este-simptome-cauze-si-preventie\/","title":{"rendered":"Pancreatita \u2013 Ce este, simptome, cauze \u0219i preven\u021bie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pancreatita este o inflama\u021bie a pancreasului \u2013 o gland\u0103 situat\u0103 \u00een partea superioar\u0103 a abdomenului, care are roluri esen\u021biale \u00een digestie \u0219i reglarea nivelului de zah\u0103r din s\u00e2nge. Aceast\u0103 inflama\u021bie poate ap\u0103rea brusc (pancreatit\u0103 acut\u0103) sau se poate instala lent, \u00een timp (pancreatit\u0103 cronic\u0103), fiecare form\u0103 necesit\u00e2nd evaluare medical\u0103 atent\u0103.<\/p>\n<h3>Tipuri de pancreatit\u0103<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pancreatit\u0103 acut\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 debuteaz\u0103 brusc, cu durere abdominal\u0103 sever\u0103; poate fi u\u0219oar\u0103 sau sever\u0103, uneori pun\u00e2nd via\u021ba \u00een pericol.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pancreatit\u0103 cronic\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 apare dup\u0103 episoade repetate de inflama\u021bie; duce la distrugerea treptat\u0103 a \u021besutului pancreatic \u0219i afecteaz\u0103 permanent func\u021bia acestuia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Simptome<\/h3>\n<p>Simptomele variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de forma bolii, dar cele mai frecvente includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Durere abdominal\u0103 intens\u0103<\/strong>, \u00een partea superioar\u0103 a abdomenului, ce poate iradia \u00een spate<\/li>\n<li><strong>Durere care se agraveaz\u0103 dup\u0103 mas\u0103, mai ales dup\u0103 consumul de gr\u0103simi sau alcool<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Grea\u021b\u0103 \u0219i v\u0103rs\u0103turi<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Balonare \u0219i senza\u021bie de plenitudine<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Febr\u0103 (\u00een pancreatita acut\u0103)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Sc\u0103dere \u00een greutate neinten\u021bionat\u0103<\/strong> (mai ales \u00een pancreatita cronic\u0103)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scaune grase, lucioase, de culoare deschis\u0103<\/strong> (\u00een stadii avansate ale bolii cronice)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Cauze \u0219i factori de risc<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Cauzele frecvente ale pancreatitei includ:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Calculii biliari<\/strong> \u2013 pot bloca canalul pancreatic, declan\u0219\u00e2nd inflama\u021bia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Consumul excesiv de alcool<\/strong> \u2013 una dintre principalele cauze ale pancreatitei cronice<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hipertrigliceridemia<\/strong> (nivel crescut de gr\u0103simi \u00een s\u00e2nge)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Traumatisme abdominale<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Anumite medicamente<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Infec\u021bii virale (mai rar)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Anomalii structurale ale pancreasului sau canalului biliar<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Factori genetici<\/strong> \u2013 cum ar fi muta\u021biile \u00een genele PRSS1, SPINK1 etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Complica\u021bii posibile<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pseudocist pancreatic<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Insuficien\u021b\u0103 pancreatic\u0103 exocrin\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 incapacitatea pancreasului de a produce enzime digestive<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/noutati\/diabetul-tipuri-simptome-tratament-si-preventie\/\">Diabet<\/a> zaharat<\/strong> (\u00een formele cronice)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Infec\u021bii sau abces pancreatic<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Insuficien\u021b\u0103 multipl\u0103 de organe<\/strong> (\u00een pancreatita acut\u0103 sever\u0103)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Cum poate fi prevenit\u0103 pancreatita<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Renun\u021barea la alcool<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Este cea mai important\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103 de preven\u021bie, mai ales \u00een cazul persoanelor care au avut deja un episod de pancreatit\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Controlul calculilor biliari<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00cen unele cazuri, poate fi necesar\u0103 o ecografie de rutin\u0103 sau chiar o interven\u021bie chirurgical\u0103 (colecistectomie) pentru a preveni blocarea canalului pancreatic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Adoptarea unui stil de via\u021b\u0103 s\u0103n\u0103tos<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Alimenta\u021bie s\u0103rac\u0103 \u00een gr\u0103simi \u0219i bogat\u0103 \u00een fibre<\/li>\n<li>Evitarea meselor copioase \u0219i a alimentelor pr\u0103jite<\/li>\n<li>Hidratare corect\u0103<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> Monitorizarea nivelului de trigliceride<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Persoanele cu hipertrigliceridemie trebuie s\u0103 urmeze tratament \u0219i s\u0103 adopte o diet\u0103 special\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong> Evitarea medicamentelor toxice pentru pancreas<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Administrarea anumitor medicamente ar trebui f\u0103cut\u0103 doar la indica\u021bia medicului, \u00een special dac\u0103 exist\u0103 factori de risc pancreatici.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li><strong> Men\u021binerea unei greut\u0103\u021bi corporale optime<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Obezitatea cre\u0219te riscul de pancreatit\u0103 \u0219i de complica\u021bii \u00een caz de boal\u0103 acut\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Cum se depisteaz\u0103 pancreatita?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Diagnosticul pancreatitei se bazeaz\u0103 pe <strong>simptomele clinice<\/strong>, analize de s\u00e2nge \u0219i investiga\u021bii imagistice. Medicul va evalua cu aten\u021bie istoricul medical, stilul de via\u021b\u0103 (inclusiv consumul de alcool) \u0219i factorii de risc asocia\u021bi.<\/p>\n<h3>Investiga\u021biile cele mai frecvent utilizate includ<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Analize de s\u00e2nge<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Amilaz\u0103 \u0219i lipaz\u0103 seric\u0103 crescute (enzime pancreatice)<\/li>\n<li>Leucocitoz\u0103 (cre\u0219terea num\u0103rului de globule albe)<\/li>\n<li>Trigliceride, glicemie, func\u021bia hepatic\u0103<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ecografie abdominal\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 pentru a detecta posibili calculi biliari sau inflama\u021bie<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/radiologie-imagistica\/?_gl=1*v6r5wy*_up*MQ..*_ga*MTcwMTY4MTU5OC4xNzU4MDE3NjAx*_ga_MR79WR3N78*czE3NTgwMTc2MDAkbzEkZzAkdDE3NTgwMTc2MDAkajYwJGwwJGgw\"><strong>CT abdominal (tomografie)<\/strong> <\/a>\u2013 ofer\u0103 o imagine detaliat\u0103 a pancreasului, util\u0103 mai ales \u00een cazurile severe<\/li>\n<li><strong>RMN cu colangio-pancreatografie (MRCP)<\/strong> \u2013 util \u00een identificarea unor eventuale anomalii ale canalelor pancreatice<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/gastroenterologie\/\">Endoscopie<\/a> (ERCP)<\/strong> \u2013 indicat\u0103 \u00een anumite cazuri pentru a trata obstruc\u021biile biliare sau a drena colec\u021biile<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Tratament<\/h3>\n<p>Tratamentul pancreatitei depinde de forma \u0219i severitatea bolii (acut\u0103 sau cronic\u0103).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tratament pentru pancreatita acut\u0103:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Este o urgen\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103 \u0219i necesit\u0103, de regul\u0103, spitalizare. Tratamentul include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Repauz digestiv<\/strong> (f\u0103r\u0103 alimente pe cale oral\u0103) \u2013 se administreaz\u0103 lichide \u0219i nutri\u021bie intravenos<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rehidratare intensiv\u0103 cu perfuzii<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Calmarea durerii<\/strong> cu <a href=\"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/noutati\/despre-analgezice-si-antiinflamatoare\/\">analgezice<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Corectarea dezechilibrelor electrolitice<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Tratarea cauzei<\/strong> (de exemplu, extragerea calculilor biliari prin ERCP)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Antibiotice<\/strong> \u2013 doar dac\u0103 apare infec\u021bie sau necroz\u0103<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Tratament pentru pancreatita cronic\u0103:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Scopul este <strong>ameliorarea durerii, prevenirea complica\u021biilor \u0219i sus\u021binerea func\u021biei pancreatice<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Evitarea complet\u0103 a alcoolului \u0219i fumatului<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Diet\u0103 s\u0103rac\u0103 \u00een gr\u0103simi<\/strong> \u0219i mese frecvente, \u00een cantit\u0103\u021bi mici<\/li>\n<li><strong>Enzime pancreatice<\/strong> administrate sub form\u0103 de comprimate pentru a ajuta digestia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Analgezice<\/strong> pentru controlul durerii<\/li>\n<li><strong>Suplimente de vitamine (A, D, E, K)<\/strong> \u00een caz de malabsorb\u021bie<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tratamentul diabetului<\/strong>, dac\u0103 apare ca o complica\u021bie<\/li>\n<li>\u00cen unele cazuri severe: <strong>interven\u021bii chirurgicale<\/strong> sau endoscopice pentru drenajul chisturilor sau \u00eendep\u0103rtarea \u021besutului afectat<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Monitorizare<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Persoanele cu pancreatit\u0103 cronic\u0103 sau episoade recurente trebuie urm\u0103rite periodic de c\u0103tre un medic gastroenterolog.<\/li>\n<li>Investiga\u021biile de rutin\u0103 pot include analize de s\u00e2nge, imagistic\u0103 \u0219i, \u00een unele cazuri, evaluarea func\u021biei endocrine \u0219i exocrine a pancreasului.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pancreatita este o inflama\u021bie a pancreasului \u2013 o gland\u0103 situat\u0103 \u00een partea superioar\u0103 a abdomenului, care are roluri esen\u021biale \u00een digestie \u0219i reglarea nivelului de zah\u0103r din s\u00e2nge. Aceast\u0103 inflama\u021bie poate ap\u0103rea brusc (pancreatit\u0103 acut\u0103) sau se poate instala lent, \u00een timp (pancreatit\u0103 cronic\u0103), fiecare form\u0103 necesit\u00e2nd evaluare medical\u0103 atent\u0103. Tipuri de pancreatit\u0103 Pancreatit\u0103 acut\u0103 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6349,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-6348","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articole"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6348","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6348"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6348\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6353,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6348\/revisions\/6353"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6349"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6348"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6348"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neolife.ro\/enayati\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6348"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}